# Kigali for Digital Nomads

> Clean, safe, small

Kigali, Rwanda, Africa

Canonical page: https://nomadbase.com/destinations/kigali
Last reviewed: 2026-08-05

Every figure below carries its source and measurement date. Where no reliable source exists the field is left out rather than estimated.

## Kigali at a glance

Kigali confounds every expectation first-time visitors carry: the continent's famously clean, orderly capital — plastic-bag-free by law, moto-taxi helmets enforced, streets swept by communal umuganda — rolling across hills where every single month lands in the mild band (Nomadbase comfort index: 12 of 12, from 2025 data). Entry is simple for everyone: 30 days on arrival, fee by passport club (Government sources: checked 2026-07-29), at a national price level of 26.1 (US = 100) (World Bank: price level of household consumption).

The trades are stated plainly: the measured internet is slow at a 9.1 Mbps median download (M-Lab: median download speed) — fibre offices and bundles are the working answer — the tap water is not for drinking (Nomadbase country research: country tap-water tier), the modelled air carries the region's cooking-fire haze (Copernicus CAMS: modelled annual PM2.5 — no station reports here), and the scene is genuinely small: 62 cafés mapped (OpenStreetMap: July 2026, within 15 km) in a city that sleeps sensibly.

It suits you if order, safety-feel and eternal-spring hills rank high and you build community deliberately. It suits you less if bandwidth or scene depth are dealbreakers — Kigali is a calm base for regional work, not a laptop-circuit stop.

| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Every month in the mild band (Nomadbase comfort index: 12 of 12, 2025 data) — hill-country spring forever | Median download of 9.1 Mbps (M-Lab: fibre offices carry the real work) |
| The continent's calmest, cleanest capital by lived reputation | A small scene: 62 cafés mapped (OpenStreetMap: July 2026) and early nights |
| 30-day visa on arrival for everyone (Government sources: fee by passport club, checked 2026-07-29) | Tap water is not drinkable (Nomadbase country research: tier); the modelled air carries haze (Copernicus CAMS: annual figure) |
| National price level 26.1 (US = 100) (World Bank: household consumption) | The marquee excursions price in hard currency, steeply |

## Key figures

| Figure | Value | Source | Measured |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cafés mapped | 62 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Coworking spaces mapped | 4 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Internet download (median) | 9.1 Mbps | M-Lab median of 314 tests within 50 km, last 7 days | 2026-08-11 |
| Average temperature (year) | 21 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average | 2025-12-31 |
| Average cloud cover | 70 % | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average | 2025-12-31 |
| Nomadbase climate comfort index | 7.9 index 0-10 | Nomadbase comfort index from Copernicus ERA5 2025 monthly means | 2025-12-31 |
| Mild months (felt 18–27 °C) | 12 months/year | Nomadbase comfort index from Copernicus ERA5 2025 monthly means | 2025-12-31 |
| Average temperature (summer) | 21.1 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 summer average (Dec-Feb) | 2025-12-31 |
| Average temperature (winter) | 21.2 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 winter average (Jun-Aug) | 2025-12-31 |
| Rain days per year | 154 days/year | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 full-year count | 2025-12-31 |
| Dry days per year | 211 days/year | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 full-year count | 2025-12-31 |
| Air quality PM2.5 (modelled) | 31.3 µg/m³ | Copernicus CAMS via Open-Meteo, modelled 30-day mean | 2026-08-04 |
| Nearest major airport | 9 km | OurAirports — nearest major airport is Kigali International Airport | 2026-07-29 |
| Airports within 100 km | 2 within 100km | OurAirports, major and regional airports with scheduled service | 2026-07-29 |
| Coliving room per month | 174 EUR/month | Published price: Citadelle Villas, private furnished room, Kibagabaga all-inclusive from-rate (295,000 RWF incl. utilities and internet); a 265,000 RWF home exists but excludes electricity, checked 2026-08-05 | 2026-08-05 |
| UTC offset | 2 hours from UTC | Open-Meteo time zone (Africa/Kigali), standard time | 2026-08-10 |
| Working-hours overlap with Central Europe | 7 hours/day | Nomadbase overlap of a 09:00-17:00 day against Open-Meteo time zone (Africa/Kigali), standard time; Europe reference UTC+1 | 2026-08-10 |
| Working-hours overlap with US East | 1 hours/day | Nomadbase overlap of a 09:00-17:00 day against Open-Meteo time zone (Africa/Kigali), standard time; US East reference UTC-5 | 2026-08-10 |
| Yoga studios mapped | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Surf spots mapped nearby | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-08-05 |
| Kitesurf spots mapped nearby | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-08-05 |
| LGBTQ+ in practice (country) | Never criminalised — unusual for the region — but the constitution bans same-sex marriage, no protections or gender recognition exist, and strong social stigma keeps almost everyone discreet. | Nomadbase legal-position rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Tap water index (country) | 1 score 0-10 | Nomadbase tap-water tier (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Tap water in practice (country) | Tap water is not drinkable anywhere including Kigali — stick to boiled, filtered or sealed bottled water and skip ice. | Nomadbase tap-water tier (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Gyms mapped | 3 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegan-friendly places mapped | 3 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegetarian-friendly places mapped | 13 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Queer venues mapped | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| eSIM data, 30 days | 39 EUR | Published price: Airalo Rwanda eSIM ("Peace Mobile" on Tigo Rwanda, 10 GB / 30 days), Package slug peace-mobile-in-30days-10gb, published price {"amount":"39.00","formatted":"39.00 €"}. The slug's "-in-" segment reads like India, so the operator block was checked: "Peace Mobile", network "Tigo Ruwanda", Rwanda. Rendered page shows Unlimited only, and there is NO 30-day Unlimited package for Rwanda at all — the longest is 15 days at 89.50 €. Fixed ladder: 5 GB/30d 25.50 €, 10 GB/15d 38.00 €., checked 2026-07-30 | 2026-07-30 |
| 3-star hotel per night | 66 EUR/night | Published price: Booking.com, 3-star Kigali, night 12-13 Aug 2026, 2 adults, Median of the first 3 listed, all "Includes taxes and charges": AVISHA TOWN HOTEL EUR 46, Velvet Suites EUR 66, Eagle View Lodge Kigali EUR 85. Context: Hotel Chez Lando EUR 111, Onomo Hotel Kigali EUR 104. The 3-star filter was confirmed as the only checked filter ("3 stars 101") and all five leading cards rendered exactly 3 star icons. Sorted by popularity explicitly, not Booking's default top-picks., checked 2026-07-30 | 2026-07-30 |
| Café latte | 2.08 EUR | Published price: Java House Rwanda, own "Drinks & Desserts Menu", smallest Caffe Latte, 18% VAT included (3,500 RWF), The chain's own dine-in menu PDF, not a delivery platform. Menu row verbatim: "Caffe Latte 3,500 4,000 4,500" — three columns are three cup sizes; smallest used. Cappuccino 3,000/3,500/4,000. Footer states "*JAVA Loves! Prices Include 18% VAT". Currency is not printed on the menu but is unambiguously RWF (Rwanda menu, Rwanda-specific items such as "Rwanda Lake Kivu")., checked 2026-07-30. Converted at the National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) rate for 2026-07-30 (BNR calls this series the official rate in its own copy ("Official exchange rate is published on NBR website on daily basis"). perEur is the "average_rate" field BNR publishes in the JSON behind the table.). ⚠️ The buy/sell legs are a flat symmetric ±5.000 RWF around the average, i.e. an administered spread convention rather than a traded bid/ask — the average is the reference number and the legs are constructed from it. Commercial banks and licensed bureaus in Kigali quote off this reference with their own wider margin, so a foreigner transacts near but not at it. No parallel or black-market rate exists. | 2026-07-30 |
| Coworking desk per month | 91 EUR/month | Published price: Westerwelle Startup Haus Kigali, "Flex Desk" monthly, 18% VAT included (153,400 RWF), Read from the live booking-platform JSON on the operator's own site: Name "Flex Desk", PriceFormatted "RWF153400.00", description "Get a Flex Desk for a month and be able to use all facilities of the Space (VAT Inclusive)". Full tariff: Fixed Desk 236,000, Club Gold 153,400, Club Silver 76,700, Day Pass 17,700 RWF, all 18%-VAT-inclusive. THE ONLY Kigali operator publishing desk prices at all — Norrsken routes everything through "Apply to join", and Impact Hub Kigali's sitemap no longer contains a hot-desk page, so no median was possible., checked 2026-07-30. Converted at the National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) rate for 2026-07-30 (BNR calls this series the official rate in its own copy ("Official exchange rate is published on NBR website on daily basis"). perEur is the "average_rate" field BNR publishes in the JSON behind the table.). ⚠️ The buy/sell legs are a flat symmetric ±5.000 RWF around the average, i.e. an administered spread convention rather than a traded bid/ask — the average is the reference number and the legs are constructed from it. Commercial banks and licensed bureaus in Kigali quote off this reference with their own wider margin, so a foreigner transacts near but not at it. No parallel or black-market rate exists. | 2026-07-30 |
| Ride-hailing, ~5 km ride | 2.56 EUR/ride | Published price: RURA (Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority), official public announcement of taxi-cab fares (4,300 RWF), Fully official and arithmetically clean, signed by the Director General, done at Kigali 10 June 2019 and effective 15 June 2019. Published clauses: "The first one kilometre travelled remains charged at one thousand five hundred (1,500) Rwandan Francs"; "The additional distance travelled between one (1) and thirty (30) kilometres will be charged at seven hundred (700) Rwandan Francs per kilometre". Arithmetic for 5 km daytime, no waiting: 1,500 + 4 x 700 = 4,300 RWF. No day/night split in the tariff. Free waiting 15 minutes, then 1,500 RWF per 15 min. The PDF is a scanned image with no text layer, read visually; the bilingual English/Kinyarwanda pages agree. Seven years old but it is the current published instrument. The separate RURA moto-taxi tariff (117 RWF/km) was deliberately not used — different product., checked 2026-07-30. Converted at the National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) rate for 2026-07-30 (BNR calls this series the official rate in its own copy ("Official exchange rate is published on NBR website on daily basis"). perEur is the "average_rate" field BNR publishes in the JSON behind the table.). ⚠️ The buy/sell legs are a flat symmetric ±5.000 RWF around the average, i.e. an administered spread convention rather than a traded bid/ask — the average is the reference number and the legs are constructed from it. Commercial banks and licensed bureaus in Kigali quote off this reference with their own wider margin, so a foreigner transacts near but not at it. No parallel or black-market rate exists. | 2026-07-30 |
| cost food monthly modelled | 106 EUR/month | Modelled groceries for Rwanda (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 26.1 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost eating out monthly modelled | 33 EUR/month | Modelled eating out for Rwanda (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 26.1 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost transport monthly modelled | 9 EUR/month | Modelled local transport for Rwanda (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 26.1 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost leisure monthly modelled | 60 EUR/month | Modelled leisure for Rwanda (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 26.1 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| Visa-free days (EU passport) | 0 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Visa-free days (US passport) | 0 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Visa-free days (UK passport) | 0 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Visa-free days (Canadian passport) | 0 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Visa-free days (Australian passport) | 0 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Remote-work visa route (0–10) | 0 score 0-10 | No remote-work visa route (checked 2026-07-29) | 2026-07-29 |
| climate monthly profile | [{"m":1,"t":22.6,"r":0.45,"c":0.73},{"m":2,"t":23.5,"r":0.21,"c":0.59},{"m":3,"t":23.2,"r":0.58,"c":0.74},{"m":4,"t":22.9,"r":0.83,"c":0.79},{"m":5,"t":22.2,"r":0.58,"c":0.77},{"m":6,"t":21.7,"r":0.3,"c":0.61},{"m":7,"t":21.6,"r":0,"c":0.57},{"m":8,"t":21.4,"r":0.26,"c":0.63},{"m":9,"t":22.4,"r":0.23,"c":0.68},{"m":10,"t":22,"r":0.65,"c":0.77},{"m":11,"t":21.7,"r":0.4,"c":0.76},{"m":12,"t":21.5,"r":0.55,"c":0.8}] | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 monthly means (felt temperature, rain-day share, cloud share) | 2025-12-31 |
| Beaches mapped within 30 km | 1 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Nature reserves and parks within 30 km | 28 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Hiking routes within 30 km | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Mapped coastline within 30 km | 0 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Hospitals and clinics mapped | 214 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-07-31 |
| Pharmacies mapped | 328 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-07-31 |
| Bars, pubs and clubs mapped | 70 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Nightlife share of cafés | 29 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegan share of cafés | 1.2 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegetarian share of cafés | 5.4 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| LGBTQ+ legal index (country) | 4 score 0-10 | Nomadbase legal-position rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Country price level (US = 100) | 26.1 US=100 | World Bank price level index for Rwanda, 2025 (US = 100) | 2025-12-31 |
| Homicide rate (country) | 3.61 per 100k | UNODC intentional homicide rate for Rwanda, 2020 | 2020-12-31 |
| Population | 1745555 people | Wikidata population figure, 2022 | 2022-12-31 |
| Restaurants mapped | 179 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| English proficiency (EF EPI) | 426 EF EPI score | EF EPI 2025 (city level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2025-11-01 |
| Getting by in English (0–10) | 1.04 score 0-10 | EF EPI 2025 (city level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2025-11-01 |
| Women, Peace and Security index (country) | 6.63 score 0-10 | Georgetown WPS Index 2023 (country level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2023-10-01 |
| Company setup index (country) | 10 score 0-10 | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Banking access index (country) | 5.25 score 0-10 | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Company setup in practice (country) | The Rwanda Development Board registers a company online, free, often within a day, with no minimum capital and no residency requirement — on paper the easiest incorporation in this table after Estonia, and the one people expect least. | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Banking in practice (country) | Company accounts follow registration. Personal accounts for non-residents need immigration status; mobile money covers much of daily life. | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |

## Scores (0–10, blend of public data and community reports)

| Category | Score | Public data | Community | Reports |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cost | 9.49 | 9.49 | — | 0 |
| fun | 5.98 | 5.98 | — | 0 |
| internet | 0.54 | 0.54 | — | 0 |
| safety | 3.44 | 3.44 | — | 0 |
| climate | 4.57 | 4.57 | — | 0 |
| amenity | 2.21 | 2.21 | — | 0 |
| vegan | 2.65 | 2.65 | — | 0 |
| lgbtq | 4 | 4 | — | 0 |
| water | 1 | 1 | — | 0 |
| flights | 7.25 | 7.25 | — | 0 |
| visa | 0 | 0 | — | 0 |
| lifestyle | 0.74 | 0.74 | — | 0 |
| vegetarian | 8.14 | 8.14 | — | 0 |
| nightlife | 8.43 | 8.43 | — | 0 |
| nature | 3.17 | 3.17 | — | 0 |
| health | 4.56 | 4.56 | — | 0 |
| locals | 1.04 | 1.04 | — | 0 |
| business | 7.63 | 7.63 | — | 0 |
| women | 6.63 | 6.63 | — | 0 |

## Visa & entry (Rwanda)

Everyone gets a 30-day visa on arrival; whether you pay depends on your passport club. Commonwealth and Francophonie citizens — UK, French, Belgian among them — enter free, Germans and Americans pay USD 50. No nomad visa: Rwanda is a stop, not a base.

### How long you can stay

Since 2018 citizens of every country can get a visa on arrival without prior application. The standard V1 visitor visa is 30 days single entry (USD 50) or 90 days multiple entry (USD 70), also available online via Irembo before you fly. The fee — not the visa — is what your passport changes: African Union, Commonwealth and Francophonie citizens get the 30 days free, which within our audience covers UK, Canadian and Australian passports and EU members like France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus and Malta. Germans, Dutch, Americans and the rest pay at the counter. Rwanda also issues the East African Tourist Visa covering Uganda and Kenya — check its current terms, since Kenya's switch to the eTA has muddied that product.

### Staying longer as a remote worker

There is no digital nomad visa and, despite Kigali's tech-hub branding, none has been formally announced. Visitor-visa extensions are granted only "in exceptional circumstances" per the migration directorate — a burned-out laptop battery does not qualify. The practical ceiling for a remote worker is the 90-day multiple-entry visitor visa; beyond that you are into ordinary residence permits, which require a Rwandan employer, business registration or investment. Working for foreign clients on a visitor visa is the familiar grey zone: unregulated rather than permitted. Plan Rwanda as a one-to-three-month chapter, not a residency play.

> Visa rules change frequently. This information was last checked on 2026-07-29. It is not legal advice — confirm with the official source before booking: https://www.migration.gov.rw/visa-on-arrival

## Living in Kigali

### Where to stay

**Kiyovu** and **Nyarutarama** are the leafy establishment quarters — embassies, gardens, the golf course's green lung; **Kimihurura** balances restaurant density with residential calm and hosts most of the café scene; **Gisozi** and **Remera** offer value with view compensation. The hills are the estate logic: every address trades gradient for outlook, and the evening light across the valleys is the city's daily show.

### Finding a place

Furnished apartments and garden annexes move through agents and the Kigali expat groups at gentle prices; the NGO-rotation calendar shapes supply waves. Verify water storage and pressure, generator arrangements, and the internet provider by name — the building's fibre reality outranks every listing adjective. Compound quality and guard professionalism are standard checklist items here as across the region.

### Working from here

The fibre-backed coworking spaces and hotel lounges are the real offices — their bandwidth certainty is the product — while the café circuit covers lighter sessions. Bundles on two networks make the standard backup. European mornings overlap generously (Copernicus ERA5: overlap of a 09:00-17:00 day against Central Europe); the city's early rhythm suits the disciplined.

### Getting around

Moto-taxis are the circulatory system — helmets provided and worn, prices modest, apps improving the hailing — with cabs and buses beneath them. Walking the hills is exercise disguised as errands, entirely safe by daylight habits. The airport sits close (OurAirports: 9 km to the nearest major airport).

### Money

Mobile money and cash split the economy; cards work through the modern tier. The daily arithmetic is kind while imported comfort prices like the landlocked logistics behind it. The gorilla-permit tier of excursion pricing is its own budget conversation, famously.

### Staying safe

Kigali's lived calm is real and structural: streets stay orderly late, petty crime runs low, and the security presence is ambient and courteous. Standard capital habits remain sensible — night motos on lit routes, valuables unflashed — more from prudence than pressure. The genuine daily risks are the hills' traffic and the altitude sun. Regional context stays at the borders; in-city life proceeds with a calm that becomes ordinary within days.

### Seasons

Altitude erases the tropics' extremes: permanent garden weather with two rain seasons — the long rains around March to May, short rains toward year's end — delivering afternoon theatre that greens the thousand hills. No month oppresses; a light layer serves every evening. The dry seasons stack the trekking and safari calendars.

### Meeting people

The city's social fabric runs professional: NGO-and-tech orbits, embassy calendars, running clubs and the café-brunch circuit compose a small, warm, deliberate community. Kinyarwanda greetings open doors English alone doesn't; the local reserve is courtesy, not distance, and repays patience with genuine welcome. Umuganda's monthly community morning is the culture's clearest self-portrait — visitors who join are remembered.

### Staying active

The hills assign cardio involuntarily; the Nyarutarama golf-course loop and the car-free Sunday avenues carry the running culture; gyms serve the basics at modest depth (OpenStreetMap: July 2026). Mount Kigali's trails frame the city for weekend legs, and the national parks tier the ambitions: Nyungwe's canopy walks, the volcanoes' gorilla treks, Akagera's savannah — a country of compact, spectacular range.

### Time off

Lake Kivu's shore at Gisenyi or Kibuye is the standing exhale — a two-hour drive to inland-sea calm. The Volcanoes park's gorilla permits anchor the once-per-stay splurge; Nyungwe's primates and tea country fill the green weekends; Akagera completes the Big-Five circuit domestically. The memorial in the city belongs on every visitor's calendar — context the country carries with dignity.

## Frequently asked questions

### How much does it cost to live in Kigali per month?

Between €422 and €509 a month, housing and everyday spending together. Housing is a coliving room at €174. Everyday spending — food, local transport, leisure — is modelled from national price levels rather than measured in the city, so it is an indication and not a quote. A coworking desk is extra at €91. Every figure carries its source on the destination page.

### How fast is the internet in Kigali?

Median download speed is about 9.1 Mbps. Source: M-Lab median of 314 tests within 50 km, last 7 days.

### What visa do I need for Kigali?

Everyone gets a 30-day visa on arrival; whether you pay depends on your passport club. Commonwealth and Francophonie citizens — UK, French, Belgian among them — enter free, Germans and Americans pay USD 50. No nomad visa: Rwanda is a stop, not a base. Last checked 2026-07-29. Always confirm with the official source before booking.

### What is the weather like in Kigali?

Winters average 21.2 °C and summers 21.1 °C. 12 of 12 months average a comfortable 18–27 °C (felt temperature). Source: Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average.

### Can I work European or US hours from Kigali?

A 09:00–17:00 working day in Kigali overlaps 7 hours with Central European time and 1 hours with US Eastern time, at standard time.

### Are there coworking spaces in Kigali?

4 coworking spaces are mapped in Kigali, plus 62 cafés to work from. Source: OpenStreetMap, within 15km. Counts are a floor, not a census — coverage depends on local mappers.

### How do you get to Kigali?

The nearest major airport is about 9 km away. 2 airports with scheduled service within 100 km. Source: OurAirports — nearest major airport is Kigali International Airport.

## Sources

- **OpenStreetMap** (ODbL) — Community-mapped places: coworking, cafés, gyms and diet options within 15km. Counts are a floor rather than a census — coverage depends on local mappers. https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
- **M-Lab** (CC BY-SA 4.0) — Internet speed from real speed tests run by people in the city, aggregated over a seven-day window. https://www.measurementlab.net/
- **Copernicus ERA5** (Generated using Copernicus Climate Change Service information) — ECMWF’s ERA5 reanalysis, retrieved through Open-Meteo. Temperatures, rainfall, cloud cover and wind are daily values for the last complete calendar year. https://open-meteo.com/
- **Nomadbase comfort index** — Our own reading of ERA5 data, not a measurement: a month-by-month score for how comfortable the felt temperature is, damped for rain and cloud. The formula is published. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **Copernicus CAMS** (© ECMWF/Copernicus) — Modelled air quality, used only where no ground station exists. A 40km model cell, not a measurement on the corner — the page says which of the two you are looking at. https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/
- **OurAirports** (Public domain) — Airport locations and types. Distances are to the nearest major airport with scheduled service. https://ourairports.com/
- **Published prices** — Prices read by hand from the operator’s or authority’s own published price list — a transit tariff, a coworking rate card, an eSIM store — on the date shown. Checked quarterly; the linked page is the source. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **Nomadbase country research** — Hand-maintained country tables for the LGBTQ+ legal position and tap-water safety, compiled from advocacy databases (ILGA World, Human Dignity Trust), national authorities and government travel advice, and scored with a published rubric. Country-level by nature — city reality can differ, which is what the practical note is for. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **World Bank** (CC BY 4.0) — Price level of household consumption at market exchange rates (US = 100) — a national figure that anchors the cost score where no city-level source exists yet. It measures what arriving with foreign income feels like, which is why a weak currency lowers it. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.PRVT.PLI
- **Government sources** — Visa and entry rules come from the responsible authority for each country, linked in the visa section and re-checked by hand on the date shown.
- **UNODC** (Free with attribution) — Intentional homicide rate from the UN Office on Drugs and Crime — a national figure, because no free source measures crime per city. The year next to the number is the year the country last reported. https://dataunodc.un.org/
- **Wikidata** (CC0) — Structural facts taken from the place’s Wikidata entity — resident population, which mirrors a national census figure, and elevation above sea level. The year is the one Wikidata records for that figure; where the entity was the wrong scale for the place we describe, the number has been replaced by a hand-sourced one from the statistics office instead. https://www.wikidata.org/

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