# Lisbon for Digital Nomads

> Sunny & social

Lisbon, Portugal, Europe

Canonical page: https://nomadbase.com/destinations/lisbon
Last reviewed: 2026-07-27

Every figure below carries its source and measurement date. Where no reliable source exists the field is left out rather than estimated.

## Lisbon at a glance

Lisbon is the default European base for a reason: it is warm for most of the year, English gets you a long way, and Portugal runs two separate remote-work visas rather than making you improvise. The nomad scene is large and easy to walk into.

The catch is that everyone else worked this out too. Rents in the central neighbourhoods have risen sharply and the tourist-heavy districts can be exhausting to live in rather than visit. Lisbon rewards people who stay long enough to move slightly out of the centre.

It suits you if you want a soft landing in Europe with a ready-made community. It suits you less if your budget assumes 2019 prices, or if you need a quiet flat on a short lease.

| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Five months a year in the 18–27 °C comfort band — in Europe only Tarifa and the Atlantic islands do better | Central rents have risen faster than local wages, and short-let supply distorts the market |
| Two official remote-work visa routes, including one that leads to residence | AIMA appointment waits are a real planning problem, not a formality |
| Very clean air: 6.3 µg/m³ PM2.5 (OpenAQ: median of 1 station, June 2026) | The hills are not a joke — check what floor a flat is on, and whether there is a lift |
| Dense coworking market with day passes, so you can try before committing | Tourist districts get loud and stay loud in summer |

## Key figures

| Figure | Value | Source | Measured |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average temperature (year) | 17 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average | 2025-12-31 |
| Average cloud cover | 47 % | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average | 2025-12-31 |
| Nomadbase climate comfort index | 6.9 index 0-10 | Nomadbase comfort index from Copernicus ERA5 2025 monthly means | 2025-12-31 |
| Mild months (felt 18–27 °C) | 5 months/year | Nomadbase comfort index from Copernicus ERA5 2025 monthly means | 2025-12-31 |
| Nearest major airport | 7 km | OurAirports — nearest major airport is Lisbon Humberto Delgado Airport | 2026-07-29 |
| Airports within 100 km | 2 within 100km | OurAirports, major and regional airports with scheduled service | 2026-07-29 |
| Transport per month | 30 EUR/month | Official fare: navegante Municipal (30.00 EUR), Carris and Metro within Lisbon municipality; the 40.00 EUR navegante Metropolitano covers the whole metropolitan area, checked 2026-08-05 | 2026-08-05 |
| Air quality PM2.5 (measured) | 6.3 µg/m³ | OpenAQ, median of 1 station, 2026-06-14 | 2026-06-14 |
| Gyms mapped | 210 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Average temperature (summer) | 21 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 summer average (Jun-Aug) | 2025-12-31 |
| Average temperature (winter) | 13.2 C | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 winter average (Dec-Feb) | 2025-12-31 |
| Rain days per year | 98 days/year | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 full-year count | 2025-12-31 |
| Dry days per year | 267 days/year | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 full-year count | 2025-12-31 |
| LGBTQ+ in practice (country) | Marriage since 2010 and gender self-determination since 2018; consistently among Europe’s most LGBTQ-friendly countries, with Lisbon and Porto scenes matching the legal position. | Nomadbase legal-position rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Tap water in practice (country) | Officially potable nationwide — the regulator ERSAR reports 98.86% "safe water" at the tap in mainland Portugal, a level it rates as excellent. | Nomadbase tap-water tier (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Internet download (median) | 42.8 Mbps | M-Lab median of 56,755 tests within 50 km, last 7 days | 2026-08-11 |
| Coworking spaces mapped | 38 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Cafés mapped | 2355 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Restaurants mapped | 4073 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| UTC offset | 0 hours from UTC | Open-Meteo time zone (Europe/Lisbon), standard time | 2026-08-10 |
| Working-hours overlap with Central Europe | 7 hours/day | Nomadbase overlap of a 09:00-17:00 day against Open-Meteo time zone (Europe/Lisbon), standard time; Europe reference UTC+1 | 2026-08-10 |
| Working-hours overlap with US East | 3 hours/day | Nomadbase overlap of a 09:00-17:00 day against Open-Meteo time zone (Europe/Lisbon), standard time; US East reference UTC-5 | 2026-08-10 |
| Queer venues mapped | 8 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| LGBTQ+ legal index (country) | 10 score 0-10 | Nomadbase legal-position rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Tap water index (country) | 10 score 0-10 | Nomadbase tap-water tier (country level), checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Vegan-friendly places mapped | 123 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegetarian-friendly places mapped | 198 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Visa-free days (EU passport) | 365 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-27 | 2026-07-27 |
| Visa-free days (US passport) | 90 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-27 | 2026-07-27 |
| Visa-free days (Australian passport) | 90 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-27 | 2026-07-27 |
| Remote-work visa route (0–10) | 10 score 0-10 | Dedicated remote-work visa: D8 residence visa (and the temporary stay visa) (checked 2026-07-27) | 2026-07-27 |
| Country price level (US = 100) | 64.9 US=100 | World Bank price level index for Portugal, 2025 (US = 100) | 2025-12-31 |
| Coworking desk per month | 220 EUR/month | Published price: Avila Spaces, Second Home & LACS hot-desk rates (median), Avila from €200, Second Home €220 +VAT, LACS €220 +VAT, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Coliving room per month | 800 EUR/month | Published price: Outsite Cais do Sodré, private room, winter promo from-rate; standard rate unpublished, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| eSIM data, 30 days | 10 EUR | Published price: Airalo, 10 GB / 30 days, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| 3-star hotel per night | 97 EUR/night | Published price: median of 3 listed 3-star rates (Booking.com), mid-Aug 2026, Ikonik €97, AS Lisboa €128, Masa €84; OTA rates incl. taxes, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Café latte | 3.4 EUR | Published price: Starbucks Chiado latte (delivery menu), delivery-platform price; counter price may run lower, checked 2026-07-29 | 2026-07-29 |
| Accommodation per month (simple end) | 2323 EUR/month | Inside Airbnb market price (simple end, 25th percentile of 649 monthly entire-home listings), Q2/2026 | 2026-06-23 |
| Accommodation per month | 3291 EUR/month | Inside Airbnb market price (median of 649 monthly entire-home listings), Q2/2026 | 2026-06-23 |
| Accommodation per month (upscale end) | 4319 EUR/month | Inside Airbnb market price (upscale end, 75th percentile of 649 monthly entire-home listings), Q2/2026 | 2026-06-23 |
| Yoga studios mapped | 30 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Surf spots mapped nearby | 6 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-08-05 |
| Kitesurf spots mapped nearby | 1 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-08-05 |
| Kiteable wind days per year | 43 days/year | Days in 2025 with peak sustained wind ≥ 25 km/h (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, 10 m) | 2025-12-31 |
| cost food monthly modelled | 206 EUR/month | Modelled groceries for Portugal (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 64.9 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost eating out monthly modelled | 62 EUR/month | Modelled eating out for Portugal (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 64.9 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost transport monthly modelled | 27 EUR/month | Modelled local transport for Portugal (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 64.9 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| cost leisure monthly modelled | 162 EUR/month | Modelled leisure for Portugal (country level, not city): Eurostat DE reference 2022 scaled by World Bank price level 64.9 vs 81.2 (2025) and ICP 2021 category structure | 2025-12-31 |
| Nomadbase community activity | 3.2 index 0-10 | Nomadbase community activity — 0 here now, 1 based here, 0 meetups, 0 planning to come, 0 have been | 2026-08-17 |
| Members here now | 0 members | Nomadbase check-ins, open | 2026-08-17 |
| Members based here | 1 members | Nomadbase bases and homebases | 2026-08-17 |
| Members planning to come | 0 members | Nomadbase travel plans, not yet ended | 2026-08-17 |
| Members who have been | 0 members | Nomadbase check-ins, closed — counted per person | 2026-08-17 |
| Community meetups | 0 meetups | Nomadbase community meetups, drafts excluded | 2026-08-17 |
| climate monthly profile | [{"m":1,"t":10.9,"r":0.39,"c":0.6},{"m":2,"t":11.6,"r":0.32,"c":0.74},{"m":3,"t":10.6,"r":0.68,"c":0.53},{"m":4,"t":14.1,"r":0.5,"c":0.58},{"m":5,"t":16.3,"r":0.16,"c":0.33},{"m":6,"t":20.1,"r":0.03,"c":0.37},{"m":7,"t":20.8,"r":0.03,"c":0.2},{"m":8,"t":21.8,"r":0,"c":0.23},{"m":9,"t":18.7,"r":0.13,"c":0.36},{"m":10,"t":19.3,"r":0.19,"c":0.53},{"m":11,"t":13.2,"r":0.37,"c":0.56},{"m":12,"t":10.4,"r":0.42,"c":0.61}] | Copernicus ERA5, 2025 monthly means (felt temperature, rain-day share, cloud share) | 2025-12-31 |
| cost bigmac | 6.14 EUR | Published price: The Economist Big Mac Index, Euro-area average (6.19 EUR = 7.08 USD), July 2026 release — data CC BY 4.0 | 2026-07-01 |
| Beaches mapped within 30 km | 180 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Nature reserves and parks within 30 km | 94 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Hiking routes within 30 km | 90 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Mapped coastline within 30 km | 597 count | OpenStreetMap, within 30km | 2026-07-31 |
| Hospitals and clinics mapped | 509 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-07-31 |
| Pharmacies mapped | 586 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-07-31 |
| Bars, pubs and clubs mapped | 610 count | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Nightlife share of cafés | 9.5 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegan share of cafés | 1.9 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| Vegetarian share of cafés | 3.1 per 100 restaurants & cafés | OpenStreetMap, within 15km | 2026-08-05 |
| English proficiency (EF EPI) | 612 EF EPI score | EF EPI 2025 (city level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2025-11-01 |
| Getting by in English (0–10) | 8.48 score 0-10 | EF EPI 2025 (city level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2025-11-01 |
| Women, Peace and Security index (country) | 8.77 score 0-10 | Georgetown WPS Index 2023 (country level, transcribed via Wikipedia) | 2023-10-01 |
| Homicide rate (country) | 0.71 per 100k | UNODC intentional homicide rate for Portugal, 2023 | 2023-12-31 |
| Population | 545796 people | Wikidata population figure, 2021 | 2021-12-31 |
| Visa-free days (UK passport) | 90 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-27 | 2026-07-27 |
| Visa-free days (Canadian passport) | 90 days | Editorial visa research, checked 2026-07-27 | 2026-07-27 |
| Company setup index (country) | 8.5 score 0-10 | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Banking access index (country) | 8 score 0-10 | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Company setup in practice (country) | "Empresa na Hora" registers a company in a single appointment; a Lda needs only 1 EUR per shareholder in capital. You need a NIF first, which a non-resident gets through a fiscal representative. | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |
| Banking in practice (country) | Account opening is straightforward with a NIF and proof of address, but expect in-person appointments and account maintenance fees that surprise people used to free banking. | Nomadbase business rubric (country level), checked 2026-07-31 | 2026-07-31 |

## Scores (0–10, blend of public data and community reports)

| Category | Score | Public data | Community | Reports |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fun | 6.99 | 6.99 | — | 0 |
| community | 3.2 | 3.2 | — | 0 |
| flights | 8.43 | 8.43 | — | 0 |
| visa | 8.67 | 8.67 | — | 0 |
| lifestyle | 6.97 | 6.97 | — | 0 |
| vegetarian | 5.59 | 5.59 | — | 0 |
| nightlife | 2.65 | 2.65 | — | 0 |
| nature | 9.44 | 9.44 | — | 0 |
| health | 9.22 | 9.22 | — | 0 |
| locals | 8.48 | 8.48 | — | 0 |
| business | 8.25 | 8.25 | — | 0 |
| women | 8.77 | 8.77 | — | 0 |
| cost | 1.82 | 1.82 | — | 0 |
| internet | 5.54 | 5.54 | — | 0 |
| safety | 8.06 | 8.06 | — | 0 |
| climate | 8.24 | 8.24 | — | 0 |
| amenity | 9.32 | 9.32 | — | 0 |
| vegan | 4.46 | 4.46 | — | 0 |
| lgbtq | 10 | 10 | — | 0 |
| water | 10 | 10 | — | 0 |

## Visa & entry (Portugal)

EU citizens can stay indefinitely; visa-exempt non-EU travellers get 90 days in any 180 across the Schengen area. Portugal is one of the few countries with two separate remote-work visas — a temporary stay visa for under a year, and the D8 residence visa that leads to a residence permit.

### How long you can stay

- **EU, EEA and Swiss citizens:** no limit. You may need to register locally after a few months.
- **Visa-exempt non-EU travellers** (US, UK, Canada, Australia and others): 90 days within any 180-day period. That allowance is shared across the *whole* Schengen area, not per country — days spent in Berlin count against days in Lisbon.
- Everyone else needs a Schengen visa before travelling.

Since 10 April 2026 the EU Entry/Exit System (EES) records every crossing biometrically at all air, land and sea borders, so the 90/180 count is now tracked automatically rather than by passport stamp.

### Staying longer as a remote worker

The official visa list names two distinct categories for "the exercise of a professional activity done remotely – digital nomads", and the difference matters:

- **Temporary stay visa** — for stays under one year. Simpler, but it does not lead to residence.
- **Residence visa (commonly called D8)** — valid four months and two entries. Inside that window you apply to AIMA for the residence permit itself. The first permit runs two years and can be renewed for three more.

The income threshold is set at four times the Portuguese national minimum wage, which puts it around €3,680 per month for 2026, plus savings in the order of €11,000. AIMA applies the threshold in force at the date of your appointment, not the date you filed — so a January increase can move the bar underneath you.

**AIMA replaced SEF** as the authority for residence permits. Guides that still send you to SEF are out of date.

> Visa rules change frequently. This information was last checked on 2026-07-27. It is not legal advice — confirm with the official source before booking: https://vistos.mne.gov.pt/en/national-visas/general-information/type-of-visa

## Living in Lisbon

### Where to stay

Lisbon is small enough to walk and hilly enough that you will not want to. Pick a neighbourhood by the tradeoff you are willing to make.

- **Cais do Sodré and Chiado** — central, well connected, and where most of the coworking sits. You pay for that and you hear the nightlife.
- **Príncipe Real** — quieter, leafier, and the most expensive of the central options. Good if you are staying months rather than weeks.
- **Graça and Alfama** — the postcard Lisbon, steep and beautiful, with the oldest housing stock. Charming to visit, harder to live in: expect stairs, noise from tuk-tuks, and flats that were not built for a desk.
- **Arroios and Anjos** — a short metro ride out, noticeably cheaper, and where a lot of longer-term residents end up. Less pretty, more liveable.
- **Marvila and Beato** — the eastern industrial strip, still converting. Cheapest of the lot, thinnest on transport.

We recommend spending your first two weeks somewhere central and short-term, then signing a longer lease once you know which hill you are willing to climb daily.

### Finding a place

The short-let market is heavily geared to tourists, which means the price you see in July is not the price a resident pays. Longer commitments move the number a lot.

Coliving is well established here and is usually the fastest route in — it solves the deposit, the utilities and the first month of not knowing anybody in one go. Local rental portals and the larger Facebook housing groups cover the traditional market, but move quickly and expect to view in person.

We do not publish rent figures for Lisbon yet, because no free public source measures what residents actually pay — only what short lets ask. The numbers on this page come from members reporting what they pay. If you are here, add yours in the Nomadbase app.

### Working from here

The coworking market is dense and competitive, which is good for you: most spaces sell day passes, so trying three before committing costs little.

As a reference point, Second Home at the Time Out Market in Cais do Sodré publishes €220 per month plus VAT for an unlimited roaming desk, €325 plus VAT for a dedicated one, and €25 plus VAT for a day pass (operator's own pricing page, checked July 2026). That sits mid-market — there are cheaper spaces further from the centre and more expensive ones with better meeting rooms.

Café work is normal and tolerated in Lisbon, though the very central ones fill with tourists by mid-morning.

### Getting around

The metro covers the spine of the city and is the fastest way across it. Buses and the historic trams fill the gaps, and the trams are genuinely useful transport rather than only a ride — line 28 is both, which is why it is always full.

The rechargeable *navegante* card is the sane way to pay; buying single tickets on board costs noticeably more. Rides are cheap enough that the bigger cost is time, and the hills mean walking distances on a map understate the effort. Cycling is only pleasant along the river.

### Money

Cards work almost everywhere, including for small amounts. Multibanco is the domestic network and is worth knowing about: the blue Multibanco ATMs generally do not charge foreign-card surcharges, while the standalone ATMs in tourist areas (usually branded Euronet) do, and their on-screen conversion offer is always worse than letting your own bank convert. Decline the conversion.

Tipping is modest — rounding up, or roughly 5–10% for good service in a restaurant.

### Staying safe

Lisbon is one of the calmer capitals in Europe, and violent crime is not something you plan a day around. The risks that do exist are small, specific and easy to manage.

Pickpocketing is the real one. Tram 28, the Baixa and any crowded miradouro at sunset are working environments for professionals — phone out of the back pocket, bag zipped, done. The men murmuring "hash, coke" around the tourist core are a fixture rather than a threat: what they sell is mostly fake, and a flat no ends the conversation.

The likeliest thing to hurt you is the pavement. The polished limestone cobbles turn slick as ice in rain, and the hills make every descent a commitment. Shoes with grip are not a style choice here.

### Seasons

Lisbon's weather is Atlantic, not Mediterranean, and the difference is the wind. Summers are bright and rarely oppressive because the ocean breeze does the air conditioning; the price is that evenings cool off fast, and a warm day does not promise a warm night. Carry a layer, whatever the month — locals do.

The catch nobody warns you about is winter indoors. Rain arrives in bursts between November and February, which is manageable; much of the older housing stock has no central heating and thin windows, which is not. In January the coldest room in Lisbon is often your own — before you sign a winter lease, ask how the flat is heated.

Spring and autumn are the sweet spot: terrace weather, thinner crowds, and the low golden light the city is famous for.

### Meeting people

This is the easiest part of Lisbon. The nomad community is large, long-established and used to newcomers, and most coworking spaces run their own events. Between those, the surf and language-exchange scenes, and the Nomadbase members already here, a first week with nothing in the calendar is a choice rather than a fate.

### Staying active

Surf is the anchor, and you do not have to travel far for it: the beach breaks at Caparica and along the Cascais line are forgiving enough to learn on, and Ericeira, a World Surfing Reserve, is close enough for a day trip. If you have always meant to learn, this is one of the easier places in Europe to start.

The city itself counts as training — the hills will find your calves in the first week. Runners head to the riverfront: the flat path from Cais do Sodré out to Belém is the default route, long, level and impossible to lose. Gyms are easy to find, and the yoga studios in the central neighbourhoods are used to English-speaking drop-ins.

### Time off

Sintra is a short train ride and worth a full day. The Atlantic beaches at Costa da Caparica and along the Cascais line are reachable within the hour, and the surf schools there run year-round. For a longer break, the Alentejo starts about two hours south and is the emptiest coastline in western Europe.

## Frequently asked questions

### How much does it cost to live in Lisbon per month?

Between €1,272 and €2,974 a month, housing and everyday spending together, depending on whether you take a coliving room or your own place. Housing is a coliving room at €800 up to your own place at €2,323. Everyday spending — food, local transport, leisure — is modelled from national price levels rather than measured in the city, so it is an indication and not a quote. A coworking desk is extra at €220. Every figure carries its source on the destination page.

### How fast is the internet in Lisbon?

Median download speed is about 42.8 Mbps. Source: M-Lab median of 56,755 tests within 50 km, last 7 days.

### What visa do I need for Lisbon?

EU citizens can stay indefinitely; visa-exempt non-EU travellers get 90 days in any 180 across the Schengen area. Portugal is one of the few countries with two separate remote-work visas — a temporary stay visa for under a year, and the D8 residence visa that leads to a residence permit. Last checked 2026-07-27. Always confirm with the official source before booking.

### What is the weather like in Lisbon?

Winters average 13.2 °C and summers 21 °C. 5 of 12 months average a comfortable 18–27 °C (felt temperature). Source: Copernicus ERA5, 2025 annual average.

### Can I work European or US hours from Lisbon?

A 09:00–17:00 working day in Lisbon overlaps 7 hours with Central European time and 3 hours with US Eastern time, at standard time.

### Are there coworking spaces in Lisbon?

38 coworking spaces are mapped in Lisbon, plus 2355 cafés to work from. Source: OpenStreetMap, within 15km. Counts are a floor, not a census — coverage depends on local mappers.

### How do you get to Lisbon?

The nearest major airport is about 7 km away. 2 airports with scheduled service within 100 km. Source: OurAirports — nearest major airport is Lisbon Humberto Delgado Airport.

## Sources

- **Copernicus ERA5** (Generated using Copernicus Climate Change Service information) — ECMWF’s ERA5 reanalysis, retrieved through Open-Meteo. Temperatures, rainfall, cloud cover and wind are daily values for the last complete calendar year. https://open-meteo.com/
- **Nomadbase comfort index** — Our own reading of ERA5 data, not a measurement: a month-by-month score for how comfortable the felt temperature is, damped for rain and cloud. The formula is published. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **OurAirports** (Public domain) — Airport locations and types. Distances are to the nearest major airport with scheduled service. https://ourairports.com/
- **OpenAQ** (CC BY 4.0) — Air quality measured at ground stations. Only reaches part of the catalogue — a city needs a station nearby that is still reporting. https://openaq.org/
- **OpenStreetMap** (ODbL) — Community-mapped places: coworking, cafés, gyms and diet options within 15km. Counts are a floor rather than a census — coverage depends on local mappers. https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
- **Nomadbase country research** — Hand-maintained country tables for the LGBTQ+ legal position and tap-water safety, compiled from advocacy databases (ILGA World, Human Dignity Trust), national authorities and government travel advice, and scored with a published rubric. Country-level by nature — city reality can differ, which is what the practical note is for. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **M-Lab** (CC BY-SA 4.0) — Internet speed from real speed tests run by people in the city, aggregated over a seven-day window. https://www.measurementlab.net/
- **Government sources** — Visa and entry rules come from the responsible authority for each country, linked in the visa section and re-checked by hand on the date shown.
- **World Bank** (CC BY 4.0) — Price level of household consumption at market exchange rates (US = 100) — a national figure that anchors the cost score where no city-level source exists yet. It measures what arriving with foreign income feels like, which is why a weak currency lowers it. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.PRVT.PLI
- **Published prices** — Prices read by hand from the operator’s or authority’s own published price list — a transit tariff, a coworking rate card, an eSIM store — on the date shown. Checked quarterly; the linked page is the source. https://nomadbase.com/destinations#how-we-score
- **Inside Airbnb** (CC BY 4.0) — The short-let market price: median nightly rate of entire homes bookable by the month, times thirty, converted to EUR at ECB reference rates. Deliberately not called rent — local leases run cheaper, and member reports correct downward. https://insideairbnb.com/
- **Nomadbase members** — Figures reported in the app by people living there, shown as a median with outliers removed. The only source for costs, because no free public one measures them per city. https://nomadbase.com/app
- **UNODC** (Free with attribution) — Intentional homicide rate from the UN Office on Drugs and Crime — a national figure, because no free source measures crime per city. The year next to the number is the year the country last reported. https://dataunodc.un.org/
- **Wikidata** (CC0) — Structural facts taken from the place’s Wikidata entity — resident population, which mirrors a national census figure, and elevation above sea level. The year is the one Wikidata records for that figure; where the entity was the wrong scale for the place we describe, the number has been replaced by a hand-sourced one from the statistics office instead. https://www.wikidata.org/

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